搜尋此網誌

2020年6月22日星期一

(262) Ed Hart憶述與李小龍相處點滴(節錄)

雜誌《官方空手道》(節錄)
1978年12月
李小龍在西雅圖的首批學生艾.赫特在這篇專題文章中記述了他們在西雅圖的生活點滴及李小龍一些不為人知的事情。艾.赫特尤其提及了李小龍說英語時結結巴巴的情況。

Official Karate magazine (excerpt)
December 1976
In this feature article, Ed Hart, one of Bruce Lee's first students in Seattle, writes about their life in the city and reveals details about the kung fu master that were little known to the public; in particular, he mentions that Bruce would stutter when he spoke English.

He believed in the benefits of meditation, the mind-calming effects, the "getting to know oneself." He was willing to teach these things to anyone who was willing to learn.

I remember his talks - actually informal lectures - to Jesse and me about, even when fighting in a real fight, keeping one's mind "calm as a still pool in which you can see the reflection of the moon, undisturbed." Actually, of course, Bruce didn't say it quite that way. In those days his English was not always good; he would sometimes put words in slightly awkward arrangement, and he had a stutter, which came out particularly when he was excited. Thinking back, I can hear in my "mind's ear" the way he would drag out certain words like "that," "keep," and so forth. "You must kee-ep your mind calm as a still pool, tha-at you can see perfectly the reflection of the moon" was about the way he would say it.

He always stammered when he said Jesse's name. Sometimes after a workout, especially in those first months when there were only a few of us, he would say, "Je-Je-Jehhssie, le-et's go down to Tai Tung." And we'd all go down to the Tai Tung Restaurant in Chinatown, and Bruce would order in Cantonese, and the waiter would come back with steaming dishes - course after course - of the most delicious Chinese food I ever ate. I never did know what it was, and I was too stupid to ask.

They were happy, carefree days, and I thought (if I thought about it at all) that they'd go on forever.

Although Bruce was in many ways deep and thoughtful, he was also a non-stop talker. Since I am also somewhat of a "gasser", the other fellows in the group had a standing joke about how Bruce Lee could talk Ed Hart under the table. This was true; however, I didn't mind at all. In our conversations I would shut up and listen, fascinated, while Bruce would sound off on every subject under the sun. I never took exception to anything he said, although he and Jesse used to get into arguments sometimes in which they would disagree vehemently. I never jumped into those, either. The amazing thing about Bruce was that we not only knew so much about so many different things at such an early age, but also that he could do anything he said he could do.

Bruce was anything but the "inscrutable Oriental." He was part English anyway, and he had a pent-up fury at the way the English treated him because he was mostly Chinese, and the way the Chinese treated him because he was part English. I don't know how it is now, but the British (who stole Hong Kong from the Chinese in the first place) treated the Chinese like dirt. So did the French. So did the Japanese. Bruce's stories showed his great anger and, of course, he was justified. But Bruce did not carry this over into his relationships with individuals, since he had friends and students who were of all races.

I had a tremendous respect (that's actually an understatement) for Bruce in every way. He was superior in everything he did. He was a natural artist, and it was he who did all the illustrations of our posters when we gave free demonstrations in both gung fu and judo. He was a cha-cha champion, and won the all-Hong Kong Cha-Cha Championship just before coming to America. He was highly articulate, and an excellent teacher. As far as gung fu was concerned, he was a fanatic who practiced constantly and with a rare, intense concentration.

(261) 李小龍致黃淳樑信(附英譯)

【輯按】2018年4月攝於香港文化博物館。李小龍現存信札多數用英文撰寫,此封中文信可謂吉光片羽。文中語法彆扭,錯別字屢見,中文水平可見一斑,畢竟李小龍在香港與美國所受教育均以英文為主。原文只有稀疏標點,如今輯者以意補加。

Jan 11 1970

淳樑兄:

很久沒有通信,你好嗎?邵在湧(alan shaw)從加拿大來信有問及你借我用的8mm電影,我真是十分道歉(輯按:誤字,當作抱歉)。因為多次搬屋,以遺失。本來是很磨耗的了,故之很小用而失了,十分抱歉。

我在BEL-AIR買了一新屋,有半英畝大,很多樹,是牧場風格,在山頂上,近Beverly Hills。再者,除了我的兒子Brandon外,我有一位七個半月大的女兒Shannon。你有再結婚嗎?請代問候你的姊妹。

近來我組織了一間制片公司,且寫了一本"Silent Flute"故事,由James Coburn和我主演,Stirling Silliphant編劇。他是金像名作家("In The Heat Of The Night")。我們預備第一次荷李活武俠片,很有成望,大約六月左右開鏡。所有合作的,均是從我學習的(輯按:謂演員是他的武館生徒)。將來Steve McQueen可能又有合作。我對於這籌劃萬二分興奮。

至於武道方面,我形然是日日修習(輯按:形粵音同仍),與一班徒弟和朋友每星期會兩次,無所謂是西洋拳、跆拳道或摔角,派別是無所謂。只要和和氣氣,不要反面而矣。自從66年開始認真去練習後(護具手套etc.),覺得以前的偏見是錯了。因此,改叫我的心得練出來的為「截拳道」。截拳道只是名稱矣,至緊要還是不要去局部偏見而練。當然,我是日日練走修習工具(拳腿摔etc.),日要提高基本條件(輯按:修習工具疑指搏擊套路,基本條件疑指肌肉力量、心肺功能等)。拳理雖是要緊,現實的還是重要,兩者雖要。我是感謝你和師父在港時多多指導我。詠春門徑,其實是多得你使我多去走現實路。由其是在美國的西洋拳家,我也多和他們練。很多所謂詠春名家,我希望他們不要自作勇為去和他們打!!

我可能會回港一行,希望你還是住在舊址。知交朋友,我們要多敘首,談談往事,真是何不樂為?見到葉師父,請代問候。祝愉快。

Bruce Lee

Letter to senior instructor
Wong Shun-leung (Translation)

Dear Brother Shun Leung,

I haven't written to you for a while, how are you? Alan Shaw wrote from Canada and mentioned the 8mm movie that you lent me. I am terribly sorry, it must have got lost during one of the many times I have moved house. It was already slightly worn out, and I didn't use it much. In the end it got lost, I am really sorry.

I have bought a new house in Bel-Air. It is in the style of a ranch, the land covers half an acre and there are lots of trees. It is built on top of a hill, near Beverly Hills. I now have a seven-month-old daughter in addition to my son Brandon. Have you re-married? Please send my warmest wishes to your sisters.

I recently formed a production company. I have also written a story called Silent Flute, which will star James Coburn and myself. Stirling Stilliphant, who won an Oscar for his screenplay for In the Heat of the Night, is going to work on the script. We are really looking forward to working on our very first Hollywood martial arts movie. Shooting will begin in June. My students will also be involved in the picture. Steve McQueen might also join us. I am very excited about the project.

As for my martial arts training, I still practise every day, and I practise with my students and friends twice a week. We are not limiting ourselves to Western boxing, Taekwondo or wrestling. We have no preferences about which school we follow. All we want is to practise in harmony and for there to be no hard feelings. Since I began serious training in 1966 (using protective equipment and gloves and so on), I realise I held a prejudice, which was wrong. That is why I will now rename my wholehearted training and practice Jeet Kune Do. But Jeet Kune Do is only a name! I think the most important thing of all is to practise without prejudice. I certainly run every day as part of my training. And I use practice equipment (for fist work, leg work, throwing and so on) every day to improve my core condition. Boxing theories are of course very important. But the actual work is just as important. Both are essential. I must thank you and Sifu (Master) for teaching me the skills of Wing Chun when I was in Hong Kong. In fact, you guided me to the road to reality. I am practising with many famous Western boxers in the States. I just hope the many so-called Wing Chun masters with all their courage don't offer to fight these boxers!

I might return to Hong Kong for a short visit. I hope you are still living at your old address. I know as friends we need to meet more often. We should catch up on our old stories, that would be a lot of fun! Please send my warm regards to Sifu Ip when you see him.

All the best in your life.

Bruce Lee

2020年6月7日星期日

(260) How I Cut My Added-Sugar Intake by 90% and Changed Who I Am(試譯)

2020年5月21日
〈如何少吃九成糖份,脫胎換骨?〉

Last year, I was consuming over 36 grams, or 9 teaspoons, of added sugar a day. Now I consume only 3–4 grams, one teaspoon, on average — as I have for the last four months.

去年,我每天消耗36克添加糖,也就是九茶匙的份量。現在,我平均每天只消耗3至4克,那是一茶匙的份量,這是過去四個月的情況。

It has not been a herculean effort of self-control and deprivation. Instead, I altered a few habits, deepened my awareness of what I was ingesting, and discovered delicious alternatives for sugary foods. Consuming added sugar is a risky business; it contributes to obesity, heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and cancer. It also racks up calories while providing zero nutritional benefit — calories I wouldn't call "empty," considering their effects are far from "empty."

這不涉及艱苦的自我約束與作賤。

我只不過調整了一些習慣,對吃了什麼進肚子更有自覺,並發現了含糖食品的好吃代替品。

攝取添加糖的風險很大,有機會導致癡肥、心臟病、第二型糖尿病和癌症。又會使卡路里飇升,卻毫無營養。我不會說添加糖「空無一物」,它的影響絕對不空。

This year, my goal is to become fitter and stronger than I've ever been. Along with working out regularly and nurturing a healthy lifestyle, I had to refine my diet— the added sugar had to go. Here's how I did it.

我今年的目標是要達到個人史上最窈窕和強健的狀態。除了定時健身,定立健康的生活方式,我還改良個人餐單——把添加糖請走。以下是我的要訣。

I removed cues that prompted me to consume sugary foods.
Studies show that the mere sight of food, contextual food cues, can make us feel hungry even when we don’t have physiological hunger.
If I open the fridge for water and see a bar of chocolate next to the jug, I'll break off a few pieces to munch on, even though I'm not hungry.
My apartment was filled with such cues. So I moved the tub of Maltesers and tins of buttery biscuits away from my coffee table and didn’t restock the kitchen shelves with honey-glazed nuts, caramel popcorn, and fruit loops.
It worked. I stopped eating unnecessary sweets and snacks when I wasn't hungry, trimming down my added sugar intake.
Out of sight, out of mind — indeed.

我移除了將我引向含糖食物的提示。研究顯示,食物的畫面,也就是相關的食物提示,可以令生理上不饑餓的人覺得饑餓。
假如我打開雪櫃拿水喝,看到水瓶旁邊有一條巧克力棒,就會把它截斷數份,大快朵頤,縱然我肚子不餓。
我的居所充斥了類似的提示。我將麥提莎和一罐罐牛油餅乾從咖啡桌搬走,也不再補購廚房架上的蜂蜜果仁和、焦糖爆谷和雜果味穀物圈。
這樣行之有效。我不再在不餓的時候吃無謂的糖果與零食,添加糖的攝入量隨之下降。
眼不見,心不念,理所當然。

Recording my sugar consumption for a few days revealed two things:
1. I was consuming much more than I'd initially guessed. The amount of added sugar in food astounded me.
For instance, one two-ounce Snickers bar has a whopping 27 grams of sugar — a little over the entire day's recommended sugar limit for women.

紀錄自己的糖份消耗量數天,透露出兩件事:
一、我攝取的添加糖份量遠超預期。食物之中的添加糖份量也出乎意料。事實上,一條兩盎士的巧克力棒居然含有27克糖,已略為超過女性每天的建議攝取量。

2. It was sneaking into my diet from unexpected sources, such as condiments, nut butters, granola bars, and oatmeal.
I changed the way I shopped for food.
I began carefully scanning nutrition labels and returning sugar-filled items to their shelves. Added sugar hides behind different names on nutrition labels: agave nectar, honey, fruit juice concentrates, molasses, maple syrup, maltose, and more. No, thank you.

二、添加糖從各種源頭偷偷潛入我的餐單,例如調味料、果仁醬、營養棒和麥片等。我改變了購買食品的方法,開始仔細檢查營養標籤,把高糖的食品放回架上。添加糖在標籤上用各種別名埋藏身份,龍舌蘭蜜、蜂蜜、濃縮果汁、糖蜜、楓糖、麥芽糖,凡此種種。不需要了,謝謝。

I also used commitment devices: when we make choices in the present to control future actions, binding us to good habits.
I didn't purchase cookies, flavored yogurt, or brownies to keep at home, so I couldn’t be tempted by them later. Having to make more effort, than just grabbing something from the kitchen to get a sugar fix, made the activity less enticing.

我也啟用承諾機制:當下的決定能影響將來行事,以此培養良好習慣。
沒有將曲奇餅、甜乳酪和布朗尼蛋糕購置在家,就不會被它們誘惑。從前不過在廚房隨手一拈就能滿足糖癮,現在不再那麼容易,整件事也沒那麼大誘惑。

I kept hunger at bay.
Hunger between meals invariably leads to snacking — possibly sugary snacking.
I eat satiating foods to remain full after meals, clamping down on the urge to snack. These foods include fresh vegetables, plant-based protein, and whole grains.
I’ve also made simple lifestyle changes, such as eating mindfully, to stay satiated, even though I’m practicing calorie restriction:

我盡量遠離飢餓
正餐之間餓肚子,我沒有一次不想起零食——也許是含糖的零食。正餐之後,我會吃飽肚的食物,抑制對零食的欲望,例如新鮮蔬果、含蛋白質的根部植物、全穀類食物。我也作出簡單的生活調整,例如專心進食,保持飽肚,哪怕正在控制卡路里:

I found delicious substitutes.
I made a list of items contributing to my sugar overdose and discovered natural, wholesome alternatives for each of them.

我找到好吃的代替品。
那些使我攝取量超標的高糖食物,我給它們列成清單,逐一尋找天然健康的代替品。

Here are some of the dietary changes I made:
Swapped my breakfast, of flavored-yogurt and honey-drizzled granola, for a bowl of plain yogurt, sprinkled with nuts, powdered dates, and fennel seeds. Dates and fennel seeds provide natural sweetness.
Sourced locally-produced protein bars, devoid of added sugars and artificial sweeteners, to enjoy with coffees and chais, instead of dense-caloric biscuits.
Traded sweetened fruit preserves and jams, on bread and smoothies, for sugar-free nut butters, which provide protein and flavor.
Replaced sugary snacks in my apartment with whole fruits. Fruits are packed with vitamins, minerals, fiber, and antioxidants.
And so on.

以下是我的一些飲食改變:

我的早餐改頭換面,由甜乳酪和燕麥片改為純乳酪,並撤上果仁、海棗粉和茴香籽來加入天然甜味。
喝咖啡和印度奶茶,不再配以高卡路里的餅乾,改吃本地出產的蛋白質棒,那不含添加糖和人工甘味料。
塗麵包、調奶昔,不再用入口果醬和含糖乾果。改用無糖果仁醬,既有味道,又有蛋白質。
用水果取代家裡的含糖零食。水果有豐富的維他命、礦物質、纖維與抗氧化物。

I cast votes to be healthy.
In Atomic Habits, James Clear writes that the key to lasting behavior change and intrinsic motivation is to make the desired habit a part of your identity.
"It's one thing to say I'm the type of person who wants this. It's something very different to say I'm the type of person who is this."
He writes that your identity emerges out of your habits, and every action is a vote for the type of person you wish to become.
It was simple; I wanted to decrease my sugar consumption—I wanted to be healthy. So I cast votes in favor of this identity.
Every time I chose nutritious alternatives to sugary foods or worked out, I affirmed my identity.
Shaving off some sugar doesn't seem arduous anymore — it's just an extension of who I am.

給自己的健康投票
在《原子習慣》一書,James Clear指出若想行為改變和內在動力持久不衰,關鍵是將你的目標習慣納入自我意識。
「說自己是渴望如何如何的一類人和說自己就是如何如何的一類人,兩者差天共地。」他說人的自我意識來自習慣,每一個行為都是你給「想成為哪種人」所投下的一票。
很簡單,我不想吃那麼多糖,我要健康,於是給這樣的自我意識投票。
每當我去健身或是以營養食品取代含糖食品,我都在加強自我意識。
戒吃一點糖不再艱鉅,那不過是我的延伸。

Final word
Slashing my sugar intake helped me break through a fitness plateau and achieve ab definition after years of working out.
The benefits went beyond improved physical health to include — reduced mental grogginess, smoother skin, strengthened confidence in achieving future goals, and a positive shift in identity.
I’ve achieved progress. I’ve shaped my identity as a person who is healthy. Both are powerful sources of motivation, making my dietary changes sustainable. Plus, I enjoy the creativity of crafting healthy substitutes — I’m hooked.
Of course, I can’t resist freshly baked banana bread or my Mom’s apple pie. So I’ll just go ahead and enjoy a small serving occasionally.
It's not an all or nothing game.

結語
糖份攝入量銳減,助我突破健美樽頸,健身多年,腹肌線條終於清晰顯出。不只體魄健康,其餘好處多多,包括減少昏沉、皮膚更滑、更有信心達成目標、自我意識更積極等。

我有所進步。我將自己塑造成健康的人。這都是強勁的動力泉源,使我的飲食改變能夠維持。再說,我也享受製作健康的代替食品,我對此上了癮。

當然,我始終無法抗拒新鮮出爐的香蕉麵包和媽媽的蘋果批,偶爾仍會品嚐幾口,畢竟這不是非黑即白的遊戲。

(259) 美國總統Donald Trump責攘世界衛生組織牒文

THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
May 18, 2020

His Excellency
Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus
Director-General of the World Health Organization
Geneva, Switzerland

Dear Dr. Tedros:

On April 14, 2020, I suspended United States contributions to the World Health Organization pending an investigation by my Administrative of the organization's failed response to COVID-19 outbreak. This review has confirmed many of the serious concerns I raised last month and identified others that the World Health Organization should have addressed, espeically the World Organization's alarming lack of independence from the People's Republic of China. Based on this review, we now know the following:

2020年4月14日,我決定暫停向世界衛生組織撥款,讓我國團隊就世衛在新型冠狀病毒疫情下失職一事進行調查。這次調查證實了我上月提出的許多疑慮,也揭露了世衛早應該留意的其他事項。在中華人民共和國面前,世衛居然唯唯諾諾,令人震驚。根據報告,我們現在知道:

The World Health Organization consistently ignored credible reports of the virus spreading in Wuhan in early December 2019 or even earlier, including reports from the Lancet medical journal. The World Health Organization failed to independently investigate credible reports that conflicted directly with the Chinese government's official accounts, even those that came from sources within Wuhan itself.

早於2019年12月初或之前,已有可靠報道指出武漢有病毒正在擴散,包括《刺針》醫學雜誌的報告,世衛卻視若無睹。即使武漢傳來可靠消息,世衛也礙於中國政府的利益而不敢展開調查。

By no later than December 30, 2019, the World Health Organization office in Beijing knew that there was a "major public health" concern in Wuhan. Between December 26 and December 30, China's media highlighted evidence of a new virus emerging from Wuhan, based on patient data sent to multiple Chinese genomics companies. Additionally, during this period, Dr. Zhang Juxian, a doctor from Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, told China's health authorities that a new coronavirus was causing a novel disease that was, at the time, afflicting approximately 180 patients.

最遲在2019年12月30日,世衛駐北京的辦事處已得知武漢出現「重大公共衛生」問題。12月26至30日,中國媒體根據中國基因公司收到的病患數據宣佈武漢出現新型病毒。此外,湖北省中西醫結合醫院張繼先醫師在這段期間向中國衛生當局通報新型冠狀病毒正在引發所未見的疾病,當時約有180人受感染。

By the next day, Taiwanese authorities had communicated information to the World Health Organization indicating human-to-human transmission of a new virus. Yet the World Health Organization chose not to share any of this critical information with the rest of the world, probably for political reasons.

翌日,台灣當局通知世衛,有人傳人的新型病毒正在擴散。世衛居然封鎖了這則重要消息,這大概是出於政治原因。

The international Health Regulations require countries to report the risk of a health emergency within 24 hours. But China did not inform the World Health Organization of Wuhan's several cases of pneumonia, of unknown origin, until December 31, 2019, even though it likely had knowledge of these cases days or weeks earlier.

按《國際衛生條例》,各國一旦發現衛生危機,必須在二十四小時內通報。儘管中國很可能在數天甚至數週前已接報武漢出現源頭不明的肺炎病例,但直到2019年12月31日,才向世界衛生組織通報此事。

According to Dr. Zhang Yongzhen of the Shanghai Public Health Clinic Center, he told Chinese authorities on January 5, 2020, that he had sequenced the genome of the virus. There was no publication of this information until six days later, on January 11, 2020, when Dr. Zhang self-posted it online. The next day, Chinese authorities closed his lab for "rectification". As even the World Health Organization acknowledged, Dr. Zhang's posting was a great act of "transparency". But the World Health Organization has been conspicuously silent both with respect to the closure of Dr. Zhang's lab and his assertion that he had notified Chinese authorities of his breakthrough six days earlier.

根據上海公共衛生臨床中心張永振博士的說法,他在2020年1月5日向中國當局報告自己對該病毒進行了基因排序。此後五天,不見任何公佈,到了1月11日,張博士自行在網路發佈消息。翌日,他的實驗室以「整改」為由被查封。 雖然世衛讚揚張醫生開誠佈公,但中國當局六天前已收到他的報告,最終卻查封他的實驗室,世衛對此居然不置一詞,態度惹人注目。

The World Health Organization has repeatedly made claims about the coronavirus that were either inaccurate or misleading.

世衛多次在冠狀病毒問題上提出失實或誤導的說法:

On January 14, 2020, the World Health Organization gratuitously reaffirmed China's now-debunked claim that the coronavirus could not be transmitted between humans, stating: "Preliminary investigations conducted by the Chinese authorities have found no clear evidence of human-to-human transmission of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCov) identified in Wuhan, China." This assertion was in direct conflict with censored reports from Wuhan.

2020年1月14日,世衛還奇怪地重申中國爆發的冠狀病毒不會人傳人(如今已被揭穿),並表示:「經中國當局初步調查,沒有證據證明病毒可以人傳人。」這個說法與武漢被封禁的報告相悖。

On January 21, 2020, President Xi Jinping of China reportedly pressured you not to declare the coronavirus outbreak an emergency. You gave in to this pressure the next day and told the world that the coronavirus did not pose a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. Just over one week later, on January 30, 2020, overwhelming evidence to the contrary forced you to reverse course.

2020年1月21日,中國國家主席習近平向你施壓,不准你宣佈新型冠狀病毒疫情為「緊急狀態」。翌日,你屈服了,聲稱新冠病毒不會引起導致國際關注的公共衛生危機。僅僅一個多星期之後,即1月30日,大量反證使你不得不收回初時的論調。

On January 28, 2020, after meeting with President Xi in Beijing, you praised the Chinese government for its "transparency" with respect to coronavirus, announcing that China had set a "new standard for outbreak control" and "bought the world time." You did not mention that China had, by then, silenced or punished several doctors for speaking out about the virus and restricted Chinese institutions from publishing information about it.

2020年1月28日,你到北京與習主席會面,讚揚中國政府對冠狀病毒的處理「公開透明」,聲稱中國奠定了「控制疫病的新標準」,並「為世界爭取時間」。你沒有提及,中國已經隱瞞疫情多時,而且懲罰了透露病毒消息的醫生,並禁止國內機構發表任何關於病毒的資訊。

Even after you belatedly declared the outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on January 30, 2020, you failed to press China for the timely admittance of a World Health Organization team of international medical experts. As a result, this critical team did not arrive in China until two weeks later, on February 16, 2020. And even then, the team was not allowed to visit Wuhan until the final days of their visit. Remarkably, the World Health Organization was silent when China denied the two American members of the team access to Wuhan entirely.

你遲至1月30日才宣布新冠疫情為「國際關注的公共衛生危機」,但還是沒有盡本份敦促中國讓世衛的國際專家團隊及時入境了解狀況。結果,這個重要的團隊在兩週後的2月16日才抵達中國,甚至到了訪問的尾聲才能進入武漢。特別的是,團中兩名美國人被當局阻撓進入武漢,世界衛生組織不置一詞。

You also strongly praised China's strict domestic travel restrictions, but were inexplicably against my closing of the United States border, or the ban, with respect to people coming from China. I put the ban in place regardless of your wishes. Your political gamesmanship on this issue was deadly, as other governments, replying on your comments, delayed imposing life-saving restrictions on travel to and from China. Incredibly, on February 3, 2020, you reinforced your position, opinion that because China was doing such a great job protecting the world from the virus, travel restrictions were "causing more harm than good." Yet by then the world knew that, before locking down Wuhan, Chinese authorities had allowed more than five million people to leave the city and that many of these people were bound for international destinations all over the world.

中國封鎖武漢與內陸的交通,你大力讚揚,卻反對我關閉美國邊境和禁止中國旅客訪美。我無視你的意見,作出正確決定。疫情下,你的政治舉措為害甚深,不少政府因為你而錯過對中國發出旅遊禁令的良機。令人難以置信的是,你在2月3日為了鞏固自身地位,仍舊聲稱中國的防疫工作非常出色,保障了全人類健康云云,因此對中國旅遊禁令「弊多於利」。但當時全世界都知道中國政府在武漢封城前放出了五百多萬人,當中不少人離開中國,前往全球各地。

As of February 3, 2020, China was strongly pressuring countries to lift or forestall travel restrictions. This pressure campaign was bolstered by your incorrect statements on that day telling the world that the spread of the virus outside of China was "minimal and slow" and that "the chances of getting this going to anywhere outside China [were] very low."

2020年2月3日,中國向全球大力施壓,要求解除旅遊禁令或取消相關計劃。你同日宣稱病毒在中國境外的散播「輕微而緩慢」,又說「病毒擴散至全世界的機會很低」。這是錯誤的說法,也助長了中國的行徑。

On March 3, 2020, the World Health Organization cited official data to downplay the very serious risk of asymptomatic spread, telling the world that "COVID-19 does not transmit as efficiently as influenza" and that unlike influenza this disease was not primarily driven by "people who are infected but not yet sick." China's evidence, the World Health Organization told the world, "showed that only one percent of reported cases do not have symptoms, and most of those cases develop symptoms within two days." Many experts, however, citing data from Japan, South Korea, and elsewhere, vigorously questioned these assertions. It is now clear that China's assertions, repeated to the world by the World Health Organization, were wildly inaccurate.

2020年3月3日,世界衛生組織引用官方數據來淡化無症狀傳染的嚴重性,表示「新冠病毒沒有比流行性感冒傳播得更快」,又說這個病不像流感,不是由「受感染但還未發病的人」傳播。世衛又說,中國的證據顯示,病人沒有症狀,只出現在百份之一的案例,而這些人多數在兩天內出現症狀。可是,許多專家參考了日本、南韓及其他地方的數據之後,質疑你的說法。現在已很清楚,世衛反復引用的中國說法嚴重失實。

By the time you finally declared the virus a pandemic on March 11, 2020, it had killed more than 4,000 people and infected more than 100,000 people in at least 114 countries around the world.

On April 11, 2020, several African Ambassadors wrote to the Chinese Foreign Ministry about the discriminatory treatment of Africans related to the pandemic in Guangzhou and other cities in China. You were aware that Chinese authorities were carrying out a campaign of forced quarantines, evictions, and refusal of services against the nationals of these countries. You have not commented on China's racially discriminatory actions. You have, however, baselessly labeled as racist Taiwan's well-founded complaints about your mishandling of this pandemic.

2020年3月11日,你終於宣佈病毒在全球大流行,當時已超過4000人失去性命,逾100,000人受感染。

4月11月,若干非洲大使致信中國外交部,控訴非裔人士在廣州與其他中國城市因為疫症而遭受不公平對待。你知道中國當局正強制隔離和驅逐這些國家的公民,並拒絕向他們提供服務。你沒有就中國的種族歧視行為發聲。相反,台灣政府投訴你處理疫情失當,言之有理,卻被你誣蔑為種族主義者。

Throughout this crisis, the World Health Organization has been curiously insistent on praising China for its alleged "transparency." You have consistently joined in these tributes, notwithstanding that China has been anything but transparent. In early January, for example, China ordered samples of the virus to be destroyed, depriving the world of critical information. Even now, China continues to undermine the International Health Regulations by refusing to share accurate and timely data, viral samples and isolates, and by withholding vital information about the virus and its origins. And, to this day, China continues to deny international access to their scientists and relevant facilities, all while casting blame widely and recklessly and censoring its own experts.

在本次危機,世界衛生組識一直吹捧中國所謂的「透明度」,耐人尋味,而中國正是獨欠透明度。例如一月上旬,中國下令銷毀病毒樣本,妨礙其他國家研究。甚或目前,中國仍拒絕公佈最新的準確數據,又隱藏病毒的重要資料和源頭,違反了《國際衛生條例》。直至今天,中國仍不准外國科學家及相關機構入境,卻胡亂推卸責任,還要求本國專家噤聲。

The World Health Organization failed to publicly call on China to allow for an independent investigation into the origins of the virus, despite the recent endorsement for doing so by its own Emergency Committee. The World Health Organization's failure to do so has prompted World Health Organization member states to adopt the "COVID-19 Response" Resolution at this year's World Health Assembly, which echoes the call by the United States and so many others for an impartial, independent, and comprehensive review of how the World Health Organization handled the crisis. The resolution also calls for an investigation into the origins of the virus, which is necessary for the world to understand how best to counter the disease.

最近,世界衛生組織的突發事件委員會已授權該組識敦促中國就新冠病毒展開獨立調查,但世衛遲遲沒有執行。有見及此,世衛成員國響應美國及其他國家號召,在今年的世界衛生大會公正、獨立、而全面地審視世衛在本次危機的處理手法,通過了《新型冠狀病毒應對方案》。《方案》呼籲當局盡快就病毒源頭展開調查,那是有效抗疫的關鍵。

Perhaps worse than all these failings is that we know that the World Health Organization could have done so much better. Just a few years ago, under the direction of a different Director-General, the World Health Organization showed the world how much it has to offer. In 2003, in response to the outbreak of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in China, Director-General Harlem Brundtland boldly declared the World Health Organization's first emergency travel advisory in 55 years, recommending against travel to and from the disease epicenter in southern China. She also did not hesitate to criticize China for endangering global health by attempting to cover up the outbreak through it usual playbook of arresting whistleblowers and censoring media. Many lives could have been save had you followed Dr. Brundtland's example.

遺憾的是,我們知道世界衛生組織其實可以做得更好。在早年另一位總幹事的領導下,世衛向世人展現了它的能力。2003年,中國爆發嚴重急性呼吸系統綜合症(SARS),時任總幹事哈萊姆.布倫特蘭果斷對華南疫區發出旅遊警示,為五十五年來首次。她又敢於批評中國採取一貫手法隱瞞疫情,包括審查傳媒和拘捕披露疫情的人,此舉威脅全人類健康。倘若你當初效法布倫特蘭博士的做法,定能挽救許多性命。

It is clear the repeated missteps by you and your organization in responding to the pandemic have been extremely costly for the world. The only way forward for the World Health Organization is if it can actually demonstrate independence from China. My Administration has already started discussions with you on how to reform the organization. But action is needed quickly. We do not have time to waste. That is why it is my duty, as President of the United States, to inform you that, if the World Health Organization does not commit to major substantive improvements within the next 30 days, I will make my temporary freeze of United States funding to the World Health Organization permanent and reconsider our membership in the organization. I cannot allow American taxpayer dollars to continue to finance an organization that, in its present state, is so clearly not serving America's interests.

無容置疑,你和世衛就新冠病毒的一連串失當導致全球付出沉重代價。世衛若要前進,必先切實擺脫中國的操控。我的團隊已跟你談過如何改革世衛,請你馬上執行。我們時間無多。身為美國總統,我有責任告訴你,如果世衛在未來三十天沒有顯著改善,我將永久凍結美國對世衛的撥款,並考慮美國是否要退出世衛。世衛目前顯然違反美國福祉,我不忍繼續用公帑資助這樣的一個組織。

Sincerely,
Donald Trump